Short Implant and Heavy Smokers as Predictors for Failure of Immediate Implants: a Retrospective Study.

Background: The possibility of installing implants in fresh sockets was first proposed as a viable treatment option in the 1970s. Objective: to assess the relationships of subject-level and implant-level characteristics on the failure of immediate implants installed in sites that contained teeth associated or not with chronic apical periodontitis. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken with data from patients who received immediate implants with a minimum follow-up of 12 months after loading. The Generalized Estimating Equation, applying a multiple logistic regression model, was employed to investigate the association between predictor variables/co-variables and failure of the immediate implants. Results: Four hundred and twenty-three implants were installed (208 uninfected/215 infected sites) in 186 patients (92 men/96 women) with a mean age of 57.1 years old. The survival rate of implants was 91%. Approximately half (215/50.8%) of the alveoli that received immediate implants had chronic apical periodontitis associated with the extracted teeth, and 191 (88.8%) of these survived until the last follow-up visit. When the infection-free sites were analyzed, this frequency was higher (93,3%), but the presence of chronic apical periodontitis did not show statistical significance in the implant failure (p=0.167). Smokers with a consumption of more than 20 cigarettes/day and short implants had more failures (OR:7.66, p=0.012; OR:14.06, p=0.002; respectively). Conclusions: Short implants and consumption of more than 20 cigarettes/day were important predictors for failure of immediate implants, regardless of presence of chronic apical periodontitis. Key words:Osseointegration, dental implant, smokers, study, immediate dental implant loading.

The effect of probiotics on the clinical status of adult patients with atopic dermatitis: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: To describe, through a literature review, the results and benefits of oral and topical probiotics for adult patients with atopic dermatitis. DESIGN: A systematic review of articles published over a 13-year period was conducted to answer the following questions: (1) what information is given in the scientific literature concerning the use of probiotics in adult patients with atopic dermatitis? (2) Was there an improvement in the clinical status of the patients? (3) Was there a change in the microbial profile in patients after using such approaches? (4) Among the probiotics used, which was the most used in adult AD patients? (5) What was the average time of these interventions? (6) What were the outcomes? RESULTS: Seven studies with different sample sizes, ranging from 16 to 109 patients, were included in this review. These studies were all clinical trials (7/7), and probiotics (7/7) was the model of intervention chosen. Probiotics showed a potential to relieve the symptoms of the study groups with a reduction of pruritus and SCORAD when compared to the placebo groups. However, their effectiveness varied according to the strain, period, and form of administration. CONCLUSIONS: Many studies have demonstrated that probiotics improve the symptoms of atopic dermatitis and even its prevention. However, there is still much controversy and divergence concerning the real benefits. Despite this, probiotics have demonstrated a fair ability in improving AD adult patients' symptoms in terms of decreasing pruritus and severity related to SCORAD.

Avaliação de informações na internet sobre dermatite atópica pediátrica / Evaluation of internet information on pediatric atopic dermatitis / Evaluación de información en internet sobre dermatitis atópica pediátrica

Objetivo: Avaliar conteúdos apresentados na internet relacionados à Dermatite Atópica em crianças e adolescentes. Método: trata-se de um estudo exploratório, realizado por meio do site de buscas Google®, utilizando-se um questionário semiestruturado para a avaliação. Construiu-se um banco de dados no software Microsoft Excel 2010®. Procedeu-se, após a organização dos dados, à avaliação de cada página, com um roteiro de dez perguntas semiestruturado, com três possíveis respostas. Resultados: avaliaram-se 31 sites. Aponta-se que 29 descrevem o que é a Dermatite Atópica e 25 relatam os sintomas característicos desta doença. Registra-se, quanto ao diagnóstico, que, em 21 sites, não se esclarece a necessidade do diagnóstico clínico por parte de um profissional de saúde e, em 23 páginas, encontram-se orientações quanto ao tratamento. Acrescenta-se que 14 sites não evidenciam a autoria do conteúdo. Conclusão: alerta-se, que os usuários devem estar atentos à autenticidade das informações apresentadas neste meio, visto que informações inconsistentes podem expor o indivíduo a situações de risco. Considera-se importante, por isso, que essa busca seja realizada em fontes confiáveis e não substitua a avaliação e a conduta do profissional de saúde.(AU)

Objective: to evaluate internet contents related to Atopic Dermatitis in children and adolescents. Method: this is an exploratory study, carried out through the Google® search engine, using a semistructured questionnaire for evaluation. A database was built using Microsoft Excel 2010® software. After organizing the data, we proceeded to the evaluation of each page, with a script of ten semistructured questions, with three possible answers. Results: a total of 31 sites were evaluated. It was found that 29 described what atopic dermatitis is and 25 reported the characteristic symptoms of this disease. Regarding diagnosis, 21 sites did not clarify the need for clinical diagnosis by a health professional, and 23 pages provided guidance on treatment. It should be added that 14 sites do not show the authorship of the content. Conclusion: it is warned that users should be aware of the authenticity of the information presented in this medium, since inconsistent information can expose the individual to risky situations. It is considered important, therefore, that this search be conducted in reliable sources and not replace the evaluation and conduct of the health professional.(AU)

Objetivo: evaluar los contenidos presentados en internet relacionados con la Dermatitis Atópica en niños y adolescentes. Método: se trata de un estudio exploratorio, realizado a través del buscador Google®, utilizando un cuestionario semiestructurado para la evaluación. Se creó una base de datos con el software Microsoft Excel 2010®. Después de organizar los datos, se evaluó cada página mediante un guión semiestructurado de diez preguntas con tres posibles respuestas. Resultados: se evaluaron 31 sitios. Se señala que 29 describen qué es la Dermatitis Atópica y 25 informan los síntomas característicos de esta enfermedad. En cuanto al diagnóstico, 21 sitios no aclaran la necesidad de un diagnóstico clínico por parte de un profesional de la salud y, en 23 páginas, hay pautas sobre el tratamiento. Además, 14 sitios no muestran la autoría del contenido. Conclusión: se advierte que los usuarios deben ser conscientes de la autenticidad de la información presentada en este medio, ya que información inconsistente puede exponer al individuo a situaciones de riesgo. Por tanto, se considera importante que esta búsqueda se realice a partir de fuentes fiables y no sustituya la valoración y conducta del profesional sanitario.(AU)

Clinical oral profile of pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis: A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: This work aims to describe oral health conditions, eating habits, and oral hygiene in pediatric and adolescent patients with atopic dermatitis and correlate them with the severity of the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD). Also, we aim to estimate the effect of several variables on the diagnosis of dental caries in these patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 92 children and adolescents with atopic dermatitis had their oral cavities examined. The effect of independent variables on the diagnosis of dental caries (outcome) was assessed using multiple binary logistic regression model. RESULTS: Mild patients presented higher score of decayed, missing, and filled teeth in permanent dentition than moderate patients (p = 0.040). In the multivariable regression final model, the covariates using inhaled corticoid (OR = 6.4; p = 0.003), type of teething [deciduous dentition (OR = 7.9; p = 0.027) and mixed dentition (OR = 10.5; p = 0.007)], and brushing quality [poor mechanical control (OR = 10.6; p < 0.0001)] demonstrated significant direct effect on the diagnosis of dental caries. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the presence of dental biofilm, use of inhaled corticoid, and type of teething are related to the presence of caries in atopic dermatitis patients.

Oral mycobiome identification in atopic dermatitis, leukemia, and HIV patients - a systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: Oral mycobiome profiling is important to understand host-pathogen interactions that occur in various diseases. Invasive fungal infections are particularly relevant for patients who have received chemotherapy and for those who have HIV infection. In addition, changes in fungal microbiota are associated with the worsening of chronic conditions like atopic dermatitis (AD). This work aims, through a systematic review, to analyze the methods used in previous studies to identify oral fungi and their most frequent species in patients with the following conditions: HIV infection, leukemia, and atopic dermatitis. METHODS: A literature search was performed on several different databases. Inclusion criteria were: written in English or Portuguese; published between September 2009 and September 2019; analyzed oral fungi of HIV-infected, leukemia, or AD patients. RESULTS: 21 studies were included and the most identified species was Candida. The predominant methods of identification were morphological (13/21) and sugar fermentation and assimilation tests (11/21). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was the most used molecular method (8/21) followed by sequencing techniques (3/21). CONCLUSIONS: Although morphological and biochemical tests are still used, they are associated with high-throughput sequencing techniques, due to their accuracy and time saving for profiling the predominant species in oral mycobiome.

Trauma in Primary Teeth at a Specialized Service Center: Retrospective Cohort

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the factors associated with the occurrence of dental trauma in children up to six years of age and describe the results of clinical follow-up and possible sequelae. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out with data collected from the dental records of 96 pediatric patients up to 6 years old with traumatized primary teeth who sought care from the. Pediatric Dental Trauma project of a private university in the city of Rio de Janeiro from July 2014 to July 2017, and who had clinical and radiographic follow-up for up to three months as of their initial visit. Results: 96 children (58.3% boys and 41.7% girls) included who presented 166 traumatized primary teeth. Intrusion was the most observed type of trauma and in 45.8% of cases, the care occurred one-week post trauma. The maxillary central incisors were the most affected teeth (97.6%). The prognosis of the dental elements with more than 3 months of follow-up was considered favorable, and 59.6% of the teeth did not present any clinical or radiological sequelae. Oral hygiene instruction and monitoring were the most common approaches. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental trauma in the present study was high and occurred mainly in domestic settings. The upper central incisors were the teeth that suffered the most injuries. The presence of patients at follow-up visits was an important factor for the positive result in most cases.

Trauma no complexo craniomaxilofacial causado por projétil de arma de fogo - revisão de literatura e relato de caso / Trauma in craniomaxillofacial complex caused by firearm projectile - literature review and case report

Os traumatismos por projétil de arma de fogo são frequentes na prática bucomaxilofacial. As lesões causadas por esses projéteis e fragmentos constituem um desafio ao cirurgião, resultando em consequências estéticas e funcionais devastadoras. A atenção e a conduta terapêutica precisa visam à diminuição de complicações e sequelas. Vários fatores influenciam neste tipo de ferimento, tornando complexo o tratamento inicial e o definitivo pela imprevisibilidade desses. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar os aspectos técnicos do tratamento, através de uma revisão de literatura, bem como relatar um caso de trauma de face causado por projétil de arma de fogo, propondo a necessidade de um protocolo de atendimento baseado num maior conhecimento balístico e fisiopatológico objetivando diminuir a morbimortalidade.

Injuries caused by firearms projectiles are common in maxillofacial practice. These injuries constitute a challenge to the surgeon because they may have aesthetic and functional devastating consequences. Attention and precise therapy aim at reducing complications and sequelae. Several factors influence this type of injury, making complex initial care and definitive treatment more complex due to their unpredictability. The aim of this work was to present the technical aspects involved in the treatment, through a literature review and report the case of a patient with facial trauma caused by a firearm projectile; and suggests that a service protocol based on greater knowledge about ballistic pathophysiology is required in order to decrease the morbidity and mortality of this type of trauma.